1931 1978
The
form of government was Democratic Republic.
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The
form of government was Parliamentary Monarchy.
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Popular sovereignty (people): “All the powers of the Republic emanate from the people and in the people resides the power to create laws and in the President of the Republic the personification of the nation.”
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National sovereignty (nation): “National sovereignty resides in the Spanish people, from whom the powers of the State emanate.”The sovereignty of the state comes from the people, as the same as 1931.
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The head of the State: President of the Republic. He is the head of
the State and personifies the Nation. The President of the Republic will be
elected jointly by the Cortes and a number of delegates equal to that of
Deputies.
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The Head of State: The King. The symbol of its unity and permanence. He arbitrates the regular functioning of the institutions and assumes the highest representation of the Spanish State in international relations.
On the other hand, the President shall direct the Government’s action and coordinate the functions of the other members.
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“La Tricolor” is the flag of
the Republic. This flag was formed
by three horizontal bands of the same width, red, yellow and purple.
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It is known as “Rojigualda”.The flag consists
of three horizontal stripes: red, yellow and red; the yellow stripe being
twice the size of each red stripe.
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The legislative power resides in the people, who exercise it through the courts or Congress of Deputies.
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In the constitution of 1978 the courts are divided in Congress and Senate; they exercise the legislative power of the State, approve their budgets, control the action of the Government.
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Spain was a secular State. It didn’t have official religion.
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Spain is now a non-denominational State. No confession will have a state character and everyone is free to choosing their ideology, religion or beliefs.
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Spanish was the official language of Spain during the Republic.
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Spanish is the official language of Spain. Co-official language are recognized in some autonomous communities; Galician, Basque, Catalan and Valencian.
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In the Republican constitution the State had the same laws for all the communities. Only Catalonia’s statute was recognized during the Reformist Biennium due to historical and cultural reasons.
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In
the constitution of 1978 the courts are divided in Congress and Senate;
they exercise the legislative power of the State, approve their budgets,
control the action of the Government.
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The
territorial organization of Spain changed during the second Republic. The
Spanish State of the Republic should be organized starting from the
municipalities that were pooled in provinces, which could be
organized in autonomous regions.
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It
recognizes the right to autonomy to the regions and nationalities that make
up Spain.
Spain
is structured in 17 autonomous communities and two
autonomous cities. Each autonomy is divided into several provinces,
except the uniprovincial.
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Regarding rights
and duties: they can not be foundations of legal privilege: nature,
filiation, sex, social class, wealth, political ideas or religious beliefs.
Everyone has the right to freely express their ideas and opinions, using any
means of dissemination, without being subject to prior censorship.
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Regarding rights
and duties: spaniards are equal before the law, without any
discrimination for reasons of birth, race, sex, religion, opinion, or any
other personal or social condition or circumstance. The dignity of the
person, the inviolable rights which are inherent, the free development of the
personality, respect for the law and the rights of others, are the foundation
of political order and social peace.
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1931:
1978:
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